Green Architecture

Green architecture is an approach to building which has become more prevalent in the last 25 to 30 years. Also known as sustainable design, green architecture is simply a method of design that minimizes the impact of building on the environment. Once thought of as unconventional and nonstandard, green architecture is quickly becoming accepted by both regulatory agencies and the public alike as a socially responsible and logical means of construction.

The beginnings of today's green revolution can be traced back to the social awareness of the 1960s and European design such as is found in Scandinavia. From these origins, new construction techniques have lead to the development of innovative materials and design concepts. Indeed, successfully designed green projects can involve an extensive array of factors, ranging from the resourceful use of materials, to careful consideration of function, climate, and location.

So what makes something "green"?

The concepts about green architecture can generally be organized into several areas of application. These areas include sustainability, materials, energy efficiency, land use, and waste reduction.

Sustainability

Green buildings are not only be designed for a present use, but consideration is also be given to future uses as well. An adaptable structure can be "recycled" many times over the course of its useful life. If specific technical issues prevent use of the building for a new function, then the materials used in its construction are designed to facilitate ease of recycling and reprocessing of materials.

Materials

Buildings consume a variety of materials in their construction. Green design reduces the dependence on resource intensive products and materials. Today, there are an increasing number of products available made from efficient, earth-friendly, or recycled materials. In a green building, consideration is also given to the construction process itself. Materials that minimize waste or can be recycled, help contribute to an efficient and environmentally sensitive construction process.

Energy Efficiency

Another important aspect of green design is the integration of energy efficient mechanical systems and conservation methods. Green buildings are designed to reduce or eliminate the dependence on fossil fuels. Additionally, green designs further help to minimize waste through the use of gray water recycling and other sustainable energy strategies.

Land Use

Site selection and building orientation also play a critical role in green design. A green building is located to take advantage of its climate and surroundings. These conditions not only affect the efficiency of a building, but of the community and society as a whole. Planning for responsible land use addresses these issues through the consideration of climate, transportation, and the natural environment.

Waste Reduction

An amazing amount of waste is generated by the construction of a typical building. Green buildings are designed to eliminate waste by using modular systems of construction, recycled products, and efficient use of materials. The ideal green building would create no waste either during construction or use, so the impact on the environment and resources is minimized.


Summary

Today, sustainable design is becoming a natural part of an increasing number of buildings. As natural resources dwindle, green design will take a critical role in our built environment. In future articles, we will look at the specific components of green architecture, such as the variety of innovative products and materials now available. If you would like more information about sustainable design, please visit some of the valuable resources listed below.